In Paris in the autumn of 1955, Martinů described it to Miloš Šafránek as a work "without form. The symphony is quite unlike the previous five symphonies. It is scored for three flutes, piccolo, three oboes, three clarinets, three bassoons, four horns, three trumpets, three trombones, tuba, timpani, percussion (cymbals, tam-tam, triangle, tambourine, bass drum, side drum), and strings. The Sixth calls for the smallest orchestra of all of Martinů's symphonies, and notably lacks either piano or harp. Martinů originally called the work Fantaisies symphoniques, and this is sometimes regarded as its only correct title. It is dedicated to Charles Munch, on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, who premiered the symphony on 7 January 1955. In Paris, in the months following its completion, Martinů undertook some revisions to the score. 343, by Bohuslav Martinů was begun in New York City in 1951, after a hiatus of four years since its predecessor, and was tentatively completed three years later on 23 April 1953.
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